home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- _______
- ____|__ | (R)
- --| | |-------------------
- | ____|__ | Association of
- | | |_| Shareware
- |__| o | Professionals
- -----| | |---------------------
- |___|___| MEMBER
-
-
-
- ABOUT SHAREWARE
-
- This package contains the program named FLOPTOOL. It is
- made by
- Feico Nater,
- Beukweg 24,
- 7556 DE Hengelo,
- the Netherlands.
-
-
- The system is available as shareware. What is shareware?
- It is software which people pass around, but I, the author,
- retain the rights to it. Maybe you obtained the system from a
- bulletin-board and paid a few dollars for it, but I don't get
- a penny of it. I expect to be paid by you, because I make my
- living out of making shareware software.
- Therefore, if you like this system and use it, you are
- supposed to register by sending a $15-check drawn on a US-
- bank. Sorry, I cannot accept credit-cards. The address:
- Feico Nater Shareware, Beukweg 24, 7556 DE Hengelo, the Neth-
- erlands.
- Why register? Well, it costs you money. But if you do,
- I will advise you about further developments. Furthermore you
- will have the right to order later versions for only a few
- dollars and I will be willing to listen to your wishes.
- And if you don't like the system? Well, throw it away.
- But you will like shareware, because it does not let you pay a
- lot of money for something you dislike afterwards.
- Whether you register or not, you are encouraged to pass
- this system around. Give away copies to your friends. Howe-
- ver, files with the extension .NAR should not be given away.
- The copies you pass around must be complete and unmodified,
- but file-compression is allowed. Any money you collect should
- be for diskette, packing, postage only and should not exceed
- five dollars.
-
- ABOUT THE AUTHOR
-
- I have been working with computers since 1970. I have
- completed a third-level degree in computer-science. I have
- been employed for many years in a big company, making defense-
- equipment, and my colleagues considered me the most skilled
- programmer among them. However, since the company went broke
- (Gorbachev was to blame, and he did a good job) I became
- unemployed and started woring as a shareware author.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- The program FLOPTOOL reads anything there is on a floppy disk,
- regardless whether it is a DOS-disk or not.
- The results are writeen as a ASCII-file to the fixed disk.
- The output file-name is FLOPTOOL.DAT.
-
- Rather that using BIOS-functions FLOPTOOL addresses the flop-
- py-controller (NEC 765) and the DMA-controller directly. This
- is needed to be able to read non-DOS disks. However it does
- require a computer which is absolutely compatible
-
- Syntax: FLOPTOOL drive: /N /D /S /T:n /L:n
-
- Drive must be A or B.
-
- FLOPTOOL adjusts the head on every cylinder, read both sides,
- finds how data is coded and writes all results to
- C:FLOPTOOL.DAT.
-
- There are two ways of recording: FM and MFM. The latter is
- twice as compact. The IBM-PC uses MFM only. FLOPTOOL finds
- on every track whether FM was used.
-
- FLOPTOOL then writes onto C:FLOPTOOL.DAT:
- CH=cylindernumber sidenumber, FM or MFM
-
- Then FLOPTOOL reads the id-fields of every track. Every
- sector has an id-field, which is four bytes long. With DOS-
- disks these bytes are:
- C: (cylinder) counted starting at 00.
- H: (head, or side of the disk) on the front-side 00, on the
- back-side 01.
- R: (record or sector) counted starting at 01.
- N: logarithm of the sectorlength, with DOS-disks always 02,
- that is 512 bytes.
-
- FLOPTOOL then writes onto C:FLOPTOOL.DAT:
- CHRN=.. .. .. ..
-
- This is followed by the complete contents of the sector.
-
- While FLOPTOOL is reading you will see an M or an F on the
- screen for every track, dependent on whether FM or MFM was
- found. If a track cannot be read, no letter appears.
-
- The following switches can be given when FLOPTOOL is started:
-
- /N read id-fields (CHRN) only, not the contents of the sec-
- tors.
- /D read even cylinders only, skip odd cylinders.
- /S read sectors one by one. Sometimes this produces exacter
- results. When this switch is not given FLOPTOOL will read
- each track at once.
- /T:n start at cylinder n (hexadecimal)
- /L:n all sectors have length n. Use this coding: 00=128,
- 01=256, 02=512, etc.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- The switches /S and /L are useless when /N is given.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Further details.
-
- When showing the contents of the sectors FLOPTOOL suppresses
- lines which are equal.
-
- Floppy disks from another computer kan be very different. The
- cylinders, heads, sectors may have different numbers. The
- IBM-PC will refuse to read such a disk, FLOPTOOL will do.
-
- The last byte of the id-field is supposed to contain the
- length of the sector. This value may be wrong, and then it is
- hard to find out how long the sector really is. So it is
- possible that FLOPTOOL reads too many or too few bytes. If too
- few bytes are read, the rest of the sector remains unread. If
- too many bytes are read then FLOPTOOL reads the gap between
- the sectors and possibly fractions of the following sectors.
- This may cause synchronisation-problems, so that the bytes
- seem damaged.
- The /L switch may solve the problem. When this switch is
- given, FLOPTOOL will ignore the last byte of the id-veld and
- uses the value from the switch in stead.
-
- With 5 1/4 inch disks some more problems are conceivable,
- because these disks may have 40 or 80 cylinders.
-
- "True" 40-cylinder disk in 80-cylinder drive:
- A "true" 40-cylinder disk is a 40-cylinder disk which has been
- formatted and written in a 40-cylinder drive.
- FLOPTOOL will read the even cylinders easily.
- On the odd cylinders FLOPTOOL will sometimes read one, someti-
- mes the other neighbouring track.
-
- "False" 40-cylinder disk in 80-cylinder drive:
- A "false" 40-cylinder disk is a 40-cylinder schijf which has
- been formatted and written in a 80-cylinder drive.
- FLOPTOOL will find the odd cylinders unreadable, unless the
- disk has been used before.
-
- 80-cylinder disk in 40-cylinder drive:
- The odd cylinders are out of reach, and the even cylinders may
- be hard to read.
-
- "False" 40-cylinder disk in 40-cylinder drive:
- This disk may also be hard to read, particularly if it has
- been used before.
-
- When reading a 40-cylinder disk in a 80-cylinder drive you
- will find the /D switch convenient.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- The floppy-controller in the IBM-PC is usually a NEC uPD765A.
- As far as I know a 7265 is never used. The data-pattern is
- this:
-
- MFM-mode FM-mode
- GAP: 80 x 4E 40 x FF
- SYNC: 12 x 00 6 x 00 765 only
- IAM: C2 C2 C2 FC FC 765 only
- GAP: 50 x 4E 26 x FF 765 only
- for every sector:
- SYNC: 12 x 00 6 x 00
- IDAM: A1 A1 A1 FE FE
- C H R N: C H R N C H R N
- CRC: checksum checksum
- GAP: 22 x 4E 11 x FF
- SYNC: 12 x 00 6 x 00
- DATA AM: A1 A1 A1 FB FB (of F8)
- (or A1 A1 A1 F8)
- DATA: data data
- CRC: checksum checksum
- GAP:
-